Here are some quick links to--and references for-- key terms, texts, characters, and concepts on the final exam.  These are not, of course,
fully developed answers.

Part A (Stylistic Identifications)

1. (Raymond Chandler)
2.  George Orwell, combining his familiar straightforward reportorial style
(" . . . there was a murder just beneath my window") with a more amplified meditative style ("I remember the color of his blood . . .")--much like the style of "A Hanging."   Orwell's ethical appeal is also similar: that of the
dispassionate observer rather than committed participant.  Though the first paragraph is characterized by a series of simple, generally short declarative sentences (running style), the second paragraph is more syntactically expansive, with participial phrases, appositives, and epithets.  As in the opening paragraphs of "A Hanging," details of place serve to evoke a distinctive mood (even the depressing "yellow" reappears).
3. (Alice Walker)
4.  Sojourner Truth.   See the speech she gave at the First Annual Meeting of the American Equal Rights Association (1867).
5.  The ever-polysyndetic Joan Didion wrote this essay about her experiences in Hawaii ("In the Islands") a few years after "Goodbye to All That."   Tell-tale signs include the distressed persona (recalled by an older self-referential narrator), many polysyndetic lists of  examples (including examples of what she's not going to write about--apophasis), anaphora, direct address of the reader, and metaphorical equations of self and place.
6. (D. Keith Mano)
7.  Jean Shepherd, of course, wrote these paragraphs--the introduction to "Old Man Pulaski and the Infamous Jaw-breaker Blackmail Caper" (from In God We Trust--All Others Pay Cash).

Part B (Passages for Analysis)

1.      See your class notes on our reading of Swift's "A Modest Proposal."
2.     See handouts and your class notes on Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.
3.     The class analyzed the opening paragraphs of Thurber's story in our final class meetings. As you examine this text recounted from third-person limited point of view, be sure to mention the self-characterizations of the innocent-as-a-bird Mr. Martin (the metonymic glass of milk, his careful attention to details, the extended trial metaphor) as well as the broad caricature of Mrs. Ulgine Barrows (the neutered hog): accumulation of her sayings, negatively connotative verbs ("profaned," "appalled"), barnyard epithets ("braying," "quacking"), unreliable testimonies (Miss Paird), critical euphemisms ("monstrous magic"), and menacing metaphors ("swinging at the foundation with a pickaxe").    

Part C (Short Answers)
1.       Literal responses to Creeley's poem presume a "happy ending" (perhaps based on a belief in life after death) to the conventional journey metaphor, presume that "nice" carries only positive connotations, and
apparently ignore the poem's title.  Ironic readings are cued by the title ("Oh No!--which appears to be a cry of horror or anguish), recognize the passivity of "your" role as representing a loss of power and control, and perceive the
pleonasm of "smiles on their faces" as representing the forced expressions
worn by personnel in hospitals, hospices, or managed care facilities.
2.        shoemakers (aka "cobblers"--British slang for "nonsense")
3.        In addition to appearing in the Rhetoric Timeline handout, the Royal Society (which in the late 17th-century advocated for a more straightforward Attic style and sought to eliminate ambiguities from language to meet the needs of a new scientific era) was discussed in class and in the historical survey at the back of Classical Rhetoric. 
4.       Freshman English at Harvard University
5.       In class we discussed the dominant trope of irony in Mark Twain's writings.  Here, irony is combined with understatement, anaphora, epiphora, and lists to suggest the hypocrisy underlying some religious beliefs and campaigns.
6.         When we examined Shepherd's text in class, we commented  on the author's metaphorical use of clothing: first, with hyperbole, to dramatize the young boy's exaggerated self-image (the "magnificent electric blue sport coat" a sign of his imagined brilliance), and later, with pathos, to characterize his acute self-consciousness and sense of defeat (the shoes now like bowling balls, the tie a noose, and the snail--seven feet high and burping).
7.          Friedman favors lists (tricolons and longer)--which serve to accumulate evidence. He deliberately undermines his authoritative persona and his central argument with comic asides and confessions of ignorance. And his final example of serial killers serves as an anticlimax to the more-or-less positive examples that came before.
8.           This Dove Pro-Age ad is similar to the one analyzed by Eva and DeAnne for the class ad-analysis exercise.
9.           See NOTES and the survey at the back of Classical Rhetoric for information on the rhetorical contributions of Erasmus, Castiglione, and Christine de Pisan.
10.         Sprezzatura, of course, is rehearsed spontaneity. Kennedy's speech actually was delivered off the cuff.
11.        The ethical traits of the speaker include profound ignorance and/or arrogance (Van Fleet's claim to teach persuasion, which until he came along didn't even have an "accepted name") combined with remarkable (yet vague) scholarship ("exhaustively studied").  The audience fashioned for this appeal is socially rather pathetic: people who crave the alliterative "popularity, the promotions, the positions of prominence," insecure people who feel the need to have functionaries "eating out of [their] hand[s],"  lonely people who wish to "build friendships that last through thick and thin."
12.      Bacon advocated confomity of the style to the subject matter, the use of simple words, and the cultivation of "agreeableness."
13.      See postscript to class on April 1 for notes on Gekko's speech.
14.     When discussing the opening to Poe's story in class, we mentioned the narrator's defensiveness, his reliance on exclamations, his repetitions, his reverse sentence structures, and his paradoxical comments on "kindness" and "killing" in the same sentence--all clues that this speaker is not to be trusted.
15.      Both sides in this court decision "argue" the case by presuming attitudes, beliefs, and viewpoints ("Obviously," "of course") without necessarily proving them.